medium - painting - tempera

TEMPERA
Before the advent of OIL painting tempera painting, a type of painting was in used esp. by Egyptians, medieval and renaissance painters.

Tempera is done by mixing mineral pigments with egg yolk.

The special characteristic of tempera is its being an EMULSION.

An emulsion is a watery, milk-like mixture of oily & watery consistency.

It is a medium well designed for CAREFUL detail.

Tempera painting is usually done in wooden panel that has been made very smooth with a plaster called "gesso".

Advantage:
dries rapidly/quickly
great luminosity
the colors are clear and beautiful

Disadvantage:
it quickly dries. Thus making it difficult to correct the painting. Hence, the artist must be précised and exact in his work.

Medium - PAINTING - Oil

Painting is the art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments.
Materials of the painter are pigments applied to wet plaster, canvass, wood or paper.

Common medium in PAINTING

OIL
It has been used since the 15th century. It is a pigment missed with Linseed oil and usually applied in a canvass.

QUALITY

• flexible - artist may use either brush, palette knife and even his bare hands



• it dries quickly, as a result the painting may be changed and worked over a long period of time.



• paiting done in oil is glossy
  


• painting lasts long

Etymologically, medium is a Latin word which means materials/means which are use by an artist in communicating his ideas, aspirations, emotion and his very self.

Thus, it is an essential element of ART.

On the basis of medium arts are primarily classified as VISUAL and Auditory Arts.

visual art, also called SPACE ART, are those whose media can either be seen or which occupy space.

Visual art is also divided into two (2) Groups/ classification:
Dimensional/two – dimensional
Painting
Drawing
Printmaking
Photography

Three (3) dimensional arts
Sculpture
Architecture
Landscape
Industrial design
Community planning
Craft - a. ceramics b. furniture-making

Auditory art, also known as TIME ART, those whose can either be heard or be expressed in time.

Classification of auditory art
Music
Literature

Combined Art, a type of art that uses both the media in visual and auditory art, i.e. those that can be seen and occupy space, and those which be heard and expressed in time.

Classification of combined art
Dance
Opera
Drama
Movies

Technique is the manner in which the artist controls his medium to achieve the desired effect. It is the ability with which he fulfills the technical requirements of his particular work of art.

ART

"Past can be learned not only by the writings but through ART especially during the time when people don’t know how to write."

ART, as a term, is taken from the Italian word, "ARTIS", which mean means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness and associations that exist between from and ideas and between material and techniques.

ART, as we study, is simply an imitation of nature. - An imitation enriched by human perception of reality or nature and by the use of the appropriate materials and to enhance nature.

Hence, art is not nature for it is man – made. DUDLEY and FARICY emphasized that “no matter how close art is to nature, it always shows that it was made by human.”

ART as a mirror of the times and the milieu of the artist. – one lasting effect of the ARTS to us is their value to us in terms of culture and heritage. Piece of ARTS are living symbols of the life and culture of the past.

Although, each work of art is evidently the expression of an artist’s personal thoughts and feelings, it maybe inferred that, like any other individual, he belongs to a milieu and he cannot free himself from the influence of his environment.

These influences are called factors which determine the style of the artist. These factors are as follow:
historical factors
geographical factors
political factors
psychological factors
sociological factors
ideational factors
technical factors

Major Stylistic Periods. – The style of the artist does not refer to the time when his particular piece of art is made but on the time when such style was widely used.

The Major Stylistic Periods
Greek Golden Age 500 bc – 410 bc
Hellenistic 336 bc – 146 ad
roman 146 - 323
medieval 323 - 1400
renaissance 1270 - 1594
mannerist 1530 - 1616
baroque 1600 - 1750
classic 1644 - 1793
rococo 1715 - 1774
romantic 1773 - 1848
realist & naturalist 1827 - 1927
impressionist 1863 - 1900
modern 1895 - present

humanities: definition, importance and scope

topics will be posted later.

SYLLABUS

Republic of the Philippines

Tiburcio Tancinco Memorial Institute of Science and Technology

Calbayog City

Course Syllabus

Subject Area: Humanities Course Code: Humanities 1

Number of Units: 3

Number of Class Hours/Week: 3 Hours Lecture/Week

Course Description:

This course deals with the understanding, the enjoyment and expression of feeling and ideas through the different forms of art. It includes theories and principles of aesthetic and exposes the students to some activities essential to the appreciation.

Course Objective:

1. understand and appreciate the different work of art of different artist in different times and places.
2. acquit themselves with different materials, mediums and techniques used by different artists in the different part of the world.
3. to appreciate the aesthetic value of different arts of Filipino artists through actual observation and experience.
4. to develop/create a piece for personal experience.

Course Content and Time Frame: Time Allotment:

A. Midterm Coverage

Topics:

Orientation of Vision, Mission, Goals and Objectives of

Institutes/College, Course Outline, Requirements,

Grading system, etc.

Overview of the Humanities, Definitions, Importance and Scope

2.The artist and his work

a.Historical factors

b.Geographical factors

c.Political, Psychological and Sociological Factors

3.Visual Arts: 3 Mediums

a.Painting

b.Sculpture

c.Architecture

4.Methods of Presenting Art Subjects

a.Realism

b.Abstraction

c.Symbolism

d.Organization in Visual arts

e.Principles of Design

i.Balance

ii. Harmony

iii. Proportion

iv. Rhythm

v.Emphasis

5. Elements of Visual Arts

a. Line

b. Form

c. Perspective

d. Volume

e. Color

6. Painting: Its Different Movements and Styles

a. Impressionism

b. Expressionism

c. Fauvism

d. Surrealism

e. Cubism

f. Activity

7.Sculpture

a. Medieval

b.Renaissance

c. Baroque

d. Modern

e. Activity

8. architecture

a. Greek

b. Roman

c. Medieval

d. Renaissance

e. Baroque

f. Classic

g. Nineteenth – Century

h. Modern

i. Activity

b. Final Examination coverage

9. Literature

a. Elements of Literature

b. Classifications and Uses of Literature

c. Poetry

i. Elements of Poetry

ii. Poetry Writing

iii.Poetry Reading

d. The Drama And Its Development

i. Elements of Drama

e. The History of FILIPINO MOVIES

i. Function of Music and Art Techniques in Film Production

ii. Western Influences on Filipino Movies

f. The Art of Film Appreciation

i. Points in Reviewing a Film

g.Activity

10.Music

a. Properties of Musical Sound

b. The Mediums of Music

c. The Different Musical Instruments

d. Musical Structure and Design

e. Classic Music

f. Modern Music

g. Activity

11.The Dance

a.Element of the Dance

b. Classical Dance

c. Modern Dance

d. Culminating Activity

Methods/strategies

• Lecture
• Exposition
• Film showing
• Quizzes
• Evaluation
• Practical work
• Seat work

Instructional materials

• Visual arts
• Pictures
• Chalkboard
• Slide Projector
• Photocopies
• Books

Course requirements and evaluation

• Oral recitation
• Quizzes
• Assignment
• Chapter test
• Term test
• Reaction paper
• Project

Grading system

Oral Recitation, Quizzes,

Assignment, Reaction Paper,

Project 40%

Term Tests 40%

Long Test/Chapter Test 20%

Course references:

Tan, Arsenia B. the arts new edition. Manila 1992

Van de bogart, dons. Introduction to humanites. National bookstore 1980

Zulueta, Francisco M. the humanities.national bookstore 1994